Enhancing conjunctive management of surface and groundwater resources by in selected trans-boundary aquifers by Dr. Maha Abdelraheem Ismail

Introduction/Background 

Current situation:-

• Most of the Nile Basin countries' population (60%) are living in rural areas and mostly depend on subsistence agriculture for food supply and livelihoods.

• Groundwater is the only consistent source of water for many communities outside the Nile valley (in Sudan and Ethiopia 43% of drinking water in Uganda 32%).

• Most of the drilled wells in rural areas are traditionally constructed and mostly have no records of abstraction, water quality, or quantity